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Daniel 8:21-23
New English Translation
Daniel 8:21-23
New English Translation
21 The male goat[a] is the king of Greece,[b] and the large horn between its eyes is the first king. 22 The horn that was broken[c] and in whose place there arose four others stands for four kingdoms that will arise from his nation, though they will not have his strength. 23 Toward the end of their rule, when rebellious acts[d] are complete, a rash[e] and deceitful[f] king will arise.[g]
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- Daniel 8:21 tn Heb “the he-goat, the buck.” The expression is odd, and the second word may be an explanatory gloss.
- Daniel 8:21 tn Heb “Javan.”
- Daniel 8:22 tn Heb “the broken one.” The word “horn” has been supplied in the translation to clarify the referent.
- Daniel 8:23 tc The present translation reads הַפְּשָׁעִים (happeshaʿim, “the rebellious acts”) for the MT הַפֹּשְׁעִים (happosheʿim, “the rebels”). While the MT is understandable (cf. NIV, “when rebels have become completely wicked”), the filling up of transgressions is a familiar OT expression (cf. Gen 15:16) and fits this context well. Cf. the LXX, Theodotion, the Vulgate, and the Syriac.
- Daniel 8:23 tn Heb “strong of face.”
- Daniel 8:23 tn Heb “understanding riddles.” Possible meanings include “double-dealing” (BDB 295 s.v. חִידָה; cf. TEV, CEV) and “with a good knowledge of intrigue” (HALOT 309 s.v. חִידָה; cf. NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT).
- Daniel 8:23 tn Heb “stand” or “stand up.”
New English Translation (NET)
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